What material do Formosan termites use to create their "cartons"?

Formosan termites are known for their unique behavior of constructing "cartons," which are nest materials made primarily from cellulose. The termites gather cellulose fibers from wood, paper, and other plant materials, mixing them with their saliva and feces to create a paste-like substance. This process allows them to form a durable and protective structure that supports their colonies and provides them with a suitable living environment.

Choosing cellulose as the correct answer highlights the essential role that this organic compound plays in the life cycle of Formosan termites, as it serves not only as a building material but also as a vital food source. Other materials listed, like wood and soil, while related to their nesting behavior, do not accurately capture the specific role of cellulose in the construction of these cartons. Plastic, on the other hand, is not a natural material utilized by termites for any part of their nesting or feeding processes.